Like other NSAIDs, carprofen exhibits analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antipyretic activity probably through its inhibition of cyclooxygenase, phospholipase A2 and inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Carprofen appears to be more sparing of COX-1 in vitro and in dogs appears to have fewer COX-1 effects (GI distress/ulceration, platelet inhibition, renal damage) when compared to older non-COX-2 specific agents. COX-2 specificity appears to be species, dose, and tissue dependent. Carprofen in horses or cats does not seem to be as COX-2 specific as it is in dogs.
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